Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance

Robert Pirsig

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A practical philosophy text that makes you slow down and really think about stuff you normally don't. It's presented amidst a motorcycle road trip which draws a story-line through the philosophy.

Notes

John was worried Sylvia would not be up to the discomfort of this and planned to have her fly to Billings, Montana. But Sylvia and I both talked him out of it. I argue that physical discomfort is important only when the mood is wrong. Then you fasten onto whatever thing is uncomfortable and call that the cause. But if the mood is right, then physical discomfort doesn't mean much.

It's just that the structure the system demands it and no one is willing to take on the formidable task of changing the structure, just because it is meaningless. But to tear down a factory or to revolt against the government or to avoid repair of a motorcycle because it is a system is to attack effects rather than causes. And as long as the attack is upon effects only, no change is possible.

An untrained observer will see only physical labor and often get the idea that physical labor is mainly what the mechanic does. Actually the physical labor is the smallest and easiest part of what the mechanic does. By far the greatest part of his work is careful observation and precise thinking.

As he was testing hypothesis number one by experimental method, a flood of other hypotheses would come to mind. And as he was testing these, some more came to mind. And as he was testing these, still more came to mind until it became painfully evident that as he continued testing hypotheses and eliminating them (or confirming them) their number did not decrease. It actually increased as he went along.

His lack of faith and reason was why he was so fanatically dedicated to it. You are never dedicated to something you have complete confidence in. No one is fanatically shouting that the sun is going to rise tomorrow. They know it's going to rise tomorrow. When people are fanatically dedicated to political or religious faiths, or any other kind of dogmas or goals, it's because these dogmas or goals are in doubt.

Quality. You know what it is yet you don't know what it is. But that's self-contradictory. But some things are better than others. That is, they have more quality. But when you try to say what the quality is, apart from the things that have it, it all goes "poof." There's nothing to talk about. But if you can't say what quality is, how do you know what it is or how do you know that it even exists? If no one knows what it is, then for all practical purposes it doesn't exist at all.

He showed how the aspect of quality called unity - the hanging-togetherness of a story - could be improved with a technique called an outline. The authority of an argument could be jacked up with a technique called footnotes, which gives authoritative reference. Outlines and footnotes are standard things taught in all freshman composition classes, but now as devices for improving quality they had a purpose. And if a student turned in a bunch of dumb references or a sloppy outline that showed he was just fulfilling an assignment by rote, he could be told that while his paper man fulfilled the letter of the assignment, it obviously didn't fulfill the goal of quality and was therefore worthless.

Applied science and technology would be drastically changed but pure science, mathematics, philosophy, and particularly logic would be unchanged. Phaedrus has found this last to be extremely interesting. The purely intellectual pursuits were the least affected by the subtraction of quality. If quality were dropped, only rationality would remain unchanged. That was odd. Why would that be? He didn't know.

What we like or don't like about that screw has nothing to do with our correct thinking. We should not evaluate what we see. We should keep our mind a blank tablet which nature fills for us and then reason disinterest oddly from the facts we observe. But when we stop and think about it disinterestedly, in terms of this stuck screw, we begin to see that this whole idea of disinterested observation is silly. Where are those facts? What are we going to observe disinterestedly? The torn slot? The immovable side cover plate? The color of the paint job? The speedometer? The sissy bar? As Poincaré would have said, "there are an infinite number of facts about the motorcycle and the right ones don't just dance up and introduce themselves. The right facts, the ones we really need, are not only passive, they are damned illusive! And we're not going to just sit back and observe them. We're going to have to be in there looking for them. We're going to be here a long time."

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